I came across some the following comment in Young’s intermediate grammar regarding rhetorical questions functioning as emphatic declarations (Young, Intermediate New Testament Greek, pg.222) which helped shed some light on vs 3.
“The question Jesus raises in Matthew 6:30 “Will he not much more clothe you?” is actually a positive declarative statement meaning “God will surely clothe you.” His question in Matthew 16:26, however, is intended as a negative declarative statement. The question “What shall it profit a man if he should gain the whole world yet lose his soul?” means “The person that gains the whole world at the expense of his soul will surely not profit anything.” A negative declaration also occurs in Hebrews 2:3, “How shall we escape if we neglect such a great salvation?” When understood as a strong negative affirmation, it becomes “We will surely not escape if we neglect such a great salvation.””
Therefore, he takes ἀμελήσαντες as a conditional participle working within a rhetorical question to challenge the readers to consider the implications of the question and respond appropriately.
The sense, then, of 2:2-3 would be that if those under the mosaic covenant were given a just recompense for violating the law, you too will not not escape (a just recompense) if you neglect the salvation offered in the gospel.
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