Helpful Commentary: Richard Bauckham, Word Biblical Commentary, 2Peter Jude.
2 Peter 1 (NA28)
1Συμεὼν Πέτρος δοῦλος καὶ ἀπόστολος Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ
from author
τοῖς ἰσότιμον ἡμῖν λαχοῦσιν
addressee
πίστιν
ἐν δικαιοσύνῃ τοῦ θεοῦ ἡμῶν καὶ σωτῆρος Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ,
qualified in the righteousnes of our God
Sharp’s rule with reference to Christ TSKS (From Peter B.) Article substantive kai and substantive. Important Christology, reference to Jesus Christ, to Jesus’ divinity. Daniel Wallace, in his Greek Grammar Beyond the Basics, Zondervan. Holds up with singulars but less so grammar. See also John 1:1.
2χάρις ὑμῖν καὶ εἰρήνη πληθυνθείη ἐν ἐπιγνώσει τοῦ θεοῦ καὶ Ἰησοῦ τοῦ κυρίου ἡμῶν.
3Ὡς πάντα ἡμῖν τῆς θείας δυνάμεως αὐτοῦ τὰ πρὸς ζωὴν καὶ εὐσέβειαν δεδωρημένης διὰ τῆς ἐπιγνώσεως τοῦ καλέσαντος ἡμᾶς ἰδίᾳ δόξῃ καὶ ἀρετῇ
4διʼ ὧν τὰ τίμια καὶ μέγιστα ἡμῖν ἐπαγγέλματα δεδώρηται, ἵνα διὰ τούτων γένησθε θείας κοινωνοὶ φύσεως ἀποφυγόντες τῆς ἐν τῷ κόσμῳ ἐν ἐπιθυμίᾳ φθορᾶς.
Through his promises you become sharers in the divine nature. Very contra OT? After the incarnation?
θείας φύσεως using language not necessarily sharing in God’s substance. But sharing the immortality and incorruptibility. And fits with the next phrase, escaping the corruption.
κοινωνοὶ reminds Peter B of the communion. Similar to Christ’s body language.
5καὶ αὐτὸ τοῦτο δὲ σπουδὴν πᾶσαν παρεισενέγκαντες ἐπιχορηγήσατε ἐν τῇ πίστει ὑμῶν τὴν ἀρετήν, ἐν δὲ τῇ ἀρετῇ τὴν γνῶσιν,
v 5 can be taken two ways ἐπιχορηγήσατε and the ἐν . Is it supply with your faith, or adding? Baukham argues being instrumental, the style is similar — a-b,b-c as one producing the other. Baukham would argue supply by your faith virtue, by your virtue knowledge. . . not by progression. But by form — e.g. Shepherd of Hermes, this gives birth to this, this generates this. . .Peter is following the form, but it’s not psychological realism. Just connecting part of the godly life.
Translation could be “supply with” versus “add” to get away from the linear.
παρεισενέγκαντες what is it’s purpose? to go with σπουδὴν
If σπουδὴν is adverbial accusative, then the logical flow is to be eager from v 4, and then do παρεισενέγκαντες and ἐπιχορηγήσατε (see Jude 3 for parallel construction). The connection if παρεισενέγκαντες is translated “bringing to bear” as opposed to “apply or add”.
6ἐν δὲ τῇ γνώσει τὴν ἐγκράτειαν, ἐν δὲ τῇ ἐγκρατείᾳ τὴν ὑπομονήν, ἐν δὲ τῇ ὑπομονῇ τὴν εὐσέβειαν,
7ἐν δὲ τῇ εὐσεβείᾳ τὴν φιλαδελφίαν, ἐν δὲ τῇ φιλαδελφίᾳ τὴν ἀγάπην.
vs. 3 – 7 What has God done for us in v. 4-5. He has given everything needed for life and godliness. Peter likes these almost synonyms. And given us promises. For this reason, impacts how we live. v. 3 This divine power has gifted power for all things for the purpose of life and godliness through the knowledge of the one who called us, by his own glory and excellence.
τῆς θείας δυνάμεως hellenistic terminology, used by Judaism.
v. 4 θείας κοινωνοὶ φύσεως hellenistic, platonic. Yes not sharing in God’s substance. Immortality and incorruptibility. Not becoming god.
v. 4 φθορᾶς Cf James, desires and heart, not the material contra hellenism.
8ταῦτα γὰρ ὑμῖν ὑπάρχοντα καὶ πλεονάζοντα οὐκ ἀργοὺς οὐδὲ ἀκάρπους καθίστησιν εἰς τὴν τοῦ κυρίου ἡμῶν Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ ἐπίγνωσιν·
9ᾧ γὰρ μὴ πάρεστιν ταῦτα, τυφλός ἐστιν μυωπάζων λήθην λαβὼν τοῦ καθαρισμοῦ τῶν πάλαι αὐτοῦ ἁμαρτιῶν.
10διὸ μᾶλλον, ἀδελφοί, σπουδάσατε βεβαίαν ὑμῶν τὴν κλῆσιν καὶ ἐκλογὴν ποιεῖσθαι· ταῦτα γὰρ ποιοῦντες οὐ μὴ πταίσητέ ποτε.
Verse 10 is mind-blowing wrt systematic theology
Could this be uncertainty over calling and election? Or rather βεβαίαν can be shown to be in force. A matter of subjective and objective. The subjective is here, this makes us confidence. A possibility in line with Luther and Calvin.
11οὕτως γὰρ πλουσίως ἐπιχορηγηθήσεται ὑμῖν ἡ εἴσοδος εἰς τὴν αἰώνιον βασιλείαν τοῦ κυρίου ἡμῶν καὶ σωτῆρος Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ.
12Διὸ μελλήσω ἀεὶ ὑμᾶς ὑπομιμνῄσκειν περὶ τούτων καίπερ εἰδότας καὶ ἐστηριγμένους ἐν τῇ παρούσῃ ἀληθείᾳ.
13δίκαιον δὲ ἡγοῦμαι, ἐφʼ ὅσον εἰμὶ ἐν τούτῳ τῷ σκηνώματι, διεγείρειν ὑμᾶς ἐν ὑπομνήσει
14εἰδὼς ὅτι ταχινή ἐστιν ἡ ἀπόθεσις τοῦ σκηνώματός μου, καθὼς καὶ ὁ κύριος ἡμῶν Ἰησοῦς Χριστὸς ἐδήλωσέν μοι.
15σπουδάσω δὲ καὶ ἑκάστοτε ἔχειν ὑμᾶς μετὰ τὴν ἐμὴν ἔξοδον τὴν τούτων μνήμην ποιεῖσθαι.
Zerwick: two infinitives — interesting usage two complementary infinitives in a row.
v 12 – 15 Peter in line with Paul, referring to the body as a tent, temporal body, and exodus.
Raise the question: did they view the wilderness, the wandering in the wilderness in this life? Connects this 1 Peter 1, we’re resident aliens.
v1 – 15 Style is like testament. The form of the letter takes on the testimony. Before he dies, he is passing on. What a good pastor he is, even though he knows it, he wants them to be reminded.
_________
16Οὐ γὰρ σεσοφισμένοις μύθοις ἐξακολουθήσαντες ἐγνωρίσαμεν ὑμῖν τὴν τοῦ κυρίου ἡμῶν Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ δύναμιν καὶ παρουσίαν ἀλλʼ ἐπόπται γενηθέντες τῆς ἐκείνου μεγαλειότητος.
17λαβὼν γὰρ παρὰ θεοῦ πατρὸς τιμὴν καὶ δόξαν φωνῆς ἐνεχθείσης αὐτῷ τοιᾶσδε ὑπὸ τῆς μεγαλοπρεποῦς δόξης· ὁ υἱός μου ὁ ἀγαπητός μου οὗτός ἐστιν εἰς ὃν ἐγὼ εὐδόκησα
18καὶ ταύτην τὴν φωνὴν ἡμεῖς ἠκούσαμεν ἐξ οὐρανοῦ ἐνεχθεῖσαν σὺν αὐτῷ ὄντες ἐν τῷ ἁγίῳ ὄρει.
19καὶ ἔχομεν βεβαιότερον τὸν προφητικὸν λόγον ᾧ καλῶς ποιεῖτε προσέχοντες ὡς λύχνῳ φαίνοντι ἐν αὐχμηρῷ τόπῳ, ἕως οὗ ἡμέρα διαυγάσῃ καὶ φωσφόρος ἀνατείλῃ ἐν ταῖς καρδίαις ὑμῶν,
20τοῦτο πρῶτον γινώσκοντες ὅτι πᾶσα προφητεία γραφῆς ἰδίας ἐπιλύσεως οὐ γίνεται·
21οὐ γὰρ θελήματι ἀνθρώπου ἠνέχθη προφητεία ποτέ, ἀλλʼ ὑπὸ πνεύματος ἁγίου φερόμενοι ἐλάλησαν ἀπὸ θεοῦ ἄνθρωποι.
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